The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam / Allama Muhammad Iqbal

This book is a collection of Iqbal’s famous lectures delivered in 1928–29, where he reinterprets Islamic philosophy in the light of modern knowledge and contemporary challenges. His central concern is to reconcile Islamic faith with reason, science, and the spirit of modernity without losing its spiritual essence.

Iqbal emphasizes that Islam is a dynamic religion, rooted in *ijtihad* (independent reasoning), which allows it to adapt to changing times. He critiques rigid scholasticism and calls for a revival of the intellectual and spiritual vitality of the Muslim world.

He addresses topics such as:

* The need to reinterpret Islamic theology in the context of modern science and philosophy.
* The role of the Qur’an as a source of guidance for continuous renewal.
* The importance of individuality and selfhood (*khudi*) in spiritual and moral development.
* The concept of God, time, space, and destiny in light of both Qur’anic thought and modern physics.
* The reconstruction of Muslim law through ijtihad to suit contemporary needs.

Iqbal concludes that Islam offers not a fixed system of thought, but a living, evolving spiritual democracy that can harmonize with modern human aspirations.